MammalBase - Accepted taxon: Ursus thibetanus

Accepted taxon: Ursus thibetanus
Taxon:	Ursus thibetanus
Rank:	Species
Higher Classification:	CARNIVORA \| CANIFORMIA \| Ursidae \| Ursus
Reference:	Wilson, Don E., and DeeAnn M. Reeder, eds. Mammal Species of the World. A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed), JHU Press, 2005.

Fig.1 - Ternary plot of the proximate analysis for the Ursus thibetanus diet.
CF (Crude Fibre) 10, ASH (Ash contents) 6, NFE (Nitrogen-Free-Extract) 28, CP (Crude Protein) 18, EE (Ether Extract) 5. See details for the calculations in Lintulaakso, K., Tatti, N. and Žliobaitė, I., 2022. Quantifying mammalian diets. Mammalian Biology, pp.1-15. [DOI]

Table 1. List of Diet Items for Ursus thibetanus.
TSN Complete name	Part	Ratio ^a.	Reference(s)
Magnoliopsida	FRUIT	14.62	Grzimek,B…
Plantae	SHOOT	10.17	Smith,A. …
Arthropoda	WHOLE	7.99	Grzimek,B…
Magnoliopsida	BUD	6.95	Nowak,R. …
Magnoliopsida	SHOOT	6.78	Smith,A. …
Vertebrata	CARRION	5.71	Grzimek,B…
Insecta	WHOLE	5.57	Grzimek,B…
Vertebrata	WHOLE	5.16	Grzimek,B…
Apoidea	WHOLE	4.84	Grzimek,B…
Fagaceae	SEED	3.73	Smith,A. …
Zea mays	WHOLE	2.54	Mahmood, …
Magnoliopsida	SEED	2.37	Smith,A. …
Capra hircus	WHOLE	2.37	Mahmood, …
Juglans	SEED	2.20	Mahmood, …
Lepus	WHOLE	2.03	Mahmood, …
Ficus palmata	FRUIT	1.86	Mahmood, …
Magnoliopsida	BARK	1.69	Smith,A. …
Mammalia	WHOLE	1.69	Smith,A. …
Bambusa	SHOOT	1.69	Smith,A. …
Diospyros	FRUIT	1.53	Mahmood, …
Myrtus	FRUIT	1.36	Mahmood, …
Ascomycota	SHOOT	1.36	Smith,A. …
Vitis	FRUIT	1.19	Mahmood, …
Bryophyta	SHOOT	1.02	Smith,A. …
Ovis aries	WHOLE	1.02	Mahmood, …
Bos taurus	WHOLE	0.85	Mahmood, …
Berberis	FRUIT	0.68	Mahmood, …
Viburnum	FRUIT	0.51	Mahmood, …
Malus domestica	FRUIT	0.34	Mahmood, …
Pyrus	FRUIT	0.17	Mahmood, …

^a. Standardized values. See details for the calculations in Lintulaakso, K., Tatti, N. and Žliobaitė, I., 2022. Quantifying mammalian diets. Mammalian Biology, pp.1-15. [DOI]

Table 2. List of Standard Traits for Ursus thibetanus.
Trait	Selected Value	All Value(s)	Reference(s)
Locomotion: Eisenberg 1981	Scansonal	Scansonal	– John L. Gittleman, 1985, 'Carnivore body size: Ecological and taxonomic correlates', Oecologia, vol. 67, no. 4, pp. 540-554
Dietary category: Eisenberg 1981	Frugivore-Herbivore	Frugivore-Herbivore, Frugivore-omnivore	– John L. Gittleman, 1985, 'Carnivore body size: Ecological and taxonomic correlates', Oecologia, vol. 67, no. 4, pp. 540-554, Juhn, M., Balisi, M., Doughty, E., Friscia, A., Howenstine, A., Jacquemetton, C., Marcot, J., Nugen, S., Van Valkenburgh, B. 2024. Cenozoic climate change and the evolution of North American mammalian predator ecomorphology. Paleobiology. None(None), pp.1-10. Available at: 10.1017/pab.2024.27.
Dietary category: Miljutin 2009	Frugivore	Frugivore	– John L. Gittleman, 1985, 'Carnivore body size: Ecological and taxonomic correlates', Oecologia, vol. 67, no. 4, pp. 540-554, Juhn, M., Balisi, M., Doughty, E., Friscia, A., Howenstine, A., Jacquemetton, C., Marcot, J., Nugen, S., Van Valkenburgh, B. 2024. Cenozoic climate change and the evolution of North American mammalian predator ecomorphology. Paleobiology. None(None), pp.1-10. Available at: 10.1017/pab.2024.27.
Temporal habits	arrhythmic	arrhythmic	– John L. Gittleman, 1985, 'Carnivore body size: Ecological and taxonomic correlates', Oecologia, vol. 67, no. 4, pp. 540-554

Table 3. List of Standard Measurements for Ursus thibetanus.
Measurement	Location	Unit	n Total	n Unknown	n Female	n Male	Min	Mean	Max	SD	Reference(s)
Body Mass (BM)	nan	g	-	-	-	-	40,000	-	200,000	-	Freudenth…
Body Mass (BM)	nan	g	-	-	-	-	-	99,714	-	-	Juhn, M.,…

Table 4. List of other Measurements ^b. for Ursus thibetanus.
Measurement	Location	Unit	n Total	n Unknown	n Female	n Male	Min	Mean	Max	SD	Reference(s)
femur circumference	nan	mm	-	-	-	-	-	78	-	-	Nelson, A…
humerus circumference	nan	mm	-	-	-	-	-	86	-	-	Nelson, A…
relative blade length (RBL)	nan	unitless	-	-	-	-	-	1	-	-	Juhn, M.S…

^b. other Measurements. Source Measurements which are not listed on or mapped with the Standard Traits..

Table 5. List of Data Sources for Ursus thibetanus.
Taxon	Reference	Match	Status
Selenarctos thibetanus	Gittleman,J. L., 1985, Carnivore body size: ecological and taxonomic correlates, Oecologia	150: Genus synonym, same species epithet	Verified - Accepted
Ursus thibetanus	Nowak,R. M., 1991, Walker's mammals of the world,	1: Exact Taxon match	Verified - Accepted
Ursus thibetanus	Grzimek,B., 2003, Grzimek's Animal Life Encyclopedia: Mammals I-V,	1: Exact Taxon match	Verified - Accepted
Ursus thibetanus	Smith,A. T., 2010, A guide to the mammals of China,	1: Exact Taxon match	Verified - Accepted
Ursus thibetanus	Nowak,R. M., 1991, Walker's mammals of the world,	1: Exact Taxon match	Verified - Accepted
Ursus thibetanus	Lundgren, E.J., Schowanek, S.D., Rowan, J., Middleton, O., Pedersen, R.Ø., Wallach, A.D., Ramp, D., Davis, M., Sandom, C.J. and Svenning, J.C., 2021. Functional traits of the world’s late Quaternary large-bodied avian and mammalian herbivores. Scientific data, 8(1), p.17.	1: Exact Taxon match	Verified - Accepted
Ursus thibetanus	Nelson, A., Engelman, R.K. and Croft, D.A., 2023. How to weigh a fossil mammal? South American notoungulates as a case study for estimating body mass in extinct clades. Journal of Mammalian Evolution, 30(3), pp.773-809.	1: Exact Taxon match	Verified - Accepted
Ursus thibetanus	Mahmood, T., Ali, S., Munawar, N., Akrim, F. and Khalid, Z., 2024. Dietary habits of Asiatic black bear in Bajaur Agency, Pakistan. Ursus, 2024(35e6), pp.1-9.	1: Exact Taxon match	Verified - Accepted
Ursus thibetanus	Freudenthal, M. and Martín-Suárez, E., 2013. Estimating body mass of fossil rodents. Scripta Geologica, 145, pp.1-513.	1: Exact Taxon match	Verified - Accepted
Ursus thibetanus	Juhn, M.S., Balisi, M.A., Doughty, E.M., Friscia, A.R., Howenstine, A.O., Jacquemetton, C., Marcot, J., Nugen, S. and Van Valkenburgh, B., 2024. Cenozoic climate change and the evolution of North American mammalian predator ecomorphology. Paleobiology, pp.1-10.	1: Exact Taxon match	Verified - Accepted
Ursus thibetanus	Rowan, J., Beaudrot, L., Franklin, J., Reed, K.E., Smail, I.E., Zamora, A. and Kamilar, J.M., 2020. Geographically divergent evolutionary and ecological legacies shape mammal biodiversity in the global tropics and subtropics. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 117(3), pp.1559-1565.	1: Exact Taxon match	Verified - Accepted

Citation for this page: [The MammalBase community 2026. / CC BY 4.0. http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7462864 Ursus thibetanus , Accessed 15th April 2026 at https://mammalbase.net/me/14681]