Accepted taxon: Canis lupus
Accepted taxon: Canis lupus
| Taxon: |
Canis lupus |
| Rank: |
Species |
| Higher Classification: |
CARNIVORA | CANIFORMIA | Canidae | Canis |
| Reference: |
Wilson, Don E., and DeeAnn M. Reeder, eds. Mammal Species of the World. A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed), JHU Press, 2005. |
Fig.1 - Ternary plot of the proximate analysis for the Canis lupus diet.
CF (Crude Fibre) 1, ASH (Ash contents) 7, NFE (Nitrogen-Free-Extract) 4, CP (Crude Protein) 62, EE (Ether Extract) 19.
See details for the calculations in Lintulaakso, K., Tatti, N. and Žliobaitė, I., 2022. Quantifying mammalian diets.
Mammalian Biology, pp.1-15.
[DOI]
Table 1. List of Diet Items for Canis lupus.
| TSN Complete name |
Part |
Ratio a. |
Reference(s) |
| Artiodactyla |
WHOLE |
12.77 |
Grzimek,B… |
| Mammalia |
WHOLE |
12.60 |
Damuth, J… |
| Capreolus capreolus |
WHOLE |
9.43 |
Torretta,… |
| Sus scrofa |
WHOLE |
8.71 |
Torretta,… |
| Castor |
WHOLE |
8.45 |
Grzimek,B… |
| Cervus |
WHOLE |
6.13 |
Damuth, J… |
| Dama dama |
WHOLE |
6.02 |
Torretta,… |
| Rangifer tarandus |
WHOLE |
5.72 |
Damuth, J… |
| Odocoileus hemionus |
WHOLE |
4.17 |
Grzimek,B… |
| Aves |
WHOLE |
3.59 |
Damuth, J… |
| Alces alces |
WHOLE |
3.33 |
Grzimek,B… |
| Cervus elaphus |
WHOLE |
3.30 |
Nowak,R. … |
| Bos taurus |
WHOLE |
2.69 |
Torretta,… |
| Capra hircus |
WHOLE |
2.46 |
Torretta,… |
| Magnoliopsida |
FRUIT |
2.21 |
Smith,A. … |
| Ovis aries |
WHOLE |
1.90 |
Torretta,… |
| Arthropoda |
WHOLE |
1.10 |
Torretta,… |
| Muridae |
WHOLE |
0.83 |
Grzimek,B… |
| Capreolus |
WHOLE |
0.68 |
Smith,A. … |
| Bovidae |
WHOLE |
0.61 |
Smith,A. … |
| Lagomorpha |
WHOLE |
0.53 |
Smith,A. … |
| Bison |
WHOLE |
0.46 |
Nowak,R. … |
| Marmota |
WHOLE |
0.45 |
Smith,A. … |
| Animalia |
WHOLE |
0.38 |
Smith,A. … |
| Ovibos moschatus |
WHOLE |
0.35 |
Nowak,R. … |
| Vertebrata |
WHOLE |
0.28 |
Reid,F., … |
| Ovis ammon |
WHOLE |
0.23 |
Nowak,R. … |
| Equus caballus |
WHOLE |
0.22 |
Torretta,… |
| Osteichthyes |
WHOLE |
0.15 |
Smith,A. … |
| Poaceae |
STEM |
0.12 |
Torretta,… |
| Rodentia |
WHOLE |
0.08 |
Smith,A. … |
| Homo sapiens |
WHOLE |
0.00 |
Grzimek,B… |
a. Standardized values.
See details for the calculations in Lintulaakso, K., Tatti, N. and Žliobaitė, I., 2022. Quantifying mammalian diets.
Mammalian Biology, pp.1-15.
[DOI]
Table 3. List of Standard Measurements for Canis lupus.
| Measurement |
Location |
Unit |
n Total |
n Unknown |
n Female |
n Male |
Min |
Mean |
Max |
SD |
Reference(s) |
| Body Mass (BM) |
nan |
g |
58 |
- |
58 |
- |
- |
29,200 |
- |
- |
Nelson, A… |
| Body Mass (BM) |
nan |
g |
- |
- |
- |
- |
9,600 |
- |
80,000 |
- |
Freudenth… |
| Body Mass (BM) |
nan |
g |
10 |
10 |
- |
- |
- |
46,920 |
- |
- |
Engelman,… |
| Body Mass (BM) |
nan |
g |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
31,757 |
- |
- |
Juhn, M.,… |
| Body Mass (BM) |
nan |
g |
62 |
- |
- |
62 |
- |
34,800 |
- |
- |
Nelson, A… |
| Head-Body Length (HBL) |
nan |
mm |
58 |
- |
58 |
- |
- |
970 |
- |
- |
Nelson, A… |
| Head-Body Length (HBL) |
nan |
mm |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
1,318.75 |
- |
- |
Engelman,… |
| Head-Body Length (HBL) |
nan |
mm |
62 |
- |
- |
62 |
- |
1,190 |
- |
- |
Nelson, A… |
| Occipital condyle width (OCW) |
nan |
mm |
10 |
10 |
- |
- |
- |
50.23 |
- |
- |
Engelman,… |
Table 4. List of other Measurements b. for Canis lupus.
| Measurement |
Location |
Unit |
n Total |
n Unknown |
n Female |
n Male |
Min |
Mean |
Max |
SD |
Reference(s) |
| OPD (l) |
|
n/a |
2 |
2 |
- |
- |
- |
22 |
- |
- |
Evans, Al… |
| OPD (u) |
|
n/a |
3 |
3 |
- |
- |
- |
49 |
- |
- |
Evans, Al… |
| brainmass |
nan |
g |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
130 |
- |
- |
Engelman,… |
| skull_length |
nan |
mm |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
235 |
- |
- |
Engelman,… |
| BMR (kJ/h) |
nan |
kJ/h |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
162 |
- |
- |
McNab, B.… |
| femur circumference |
nan |
mm |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
50 |
- |
- |
Nelson, A… |
| humerus circumference |
nan |
mm |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
51 |
- |
- |
Nelson, A… |
| neck length |
nan |
mm |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
177 |
- |
- |
Nelson, A… |
| BMR,mlO2/h |
nan |
mlO2/h |
9 |
9 |
- |
- |
- |
8,305 |
- |
- |
Genoud, M… |
| relative blade length (RBL) |
nan |
unitless |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
1 |
- |
- |
Juhn, M.S… |
b. other Measurements.
Source Measurements which are not listed on or mapped with the Standard Traits..
Table 5. List of Data Sources for Canis lupus.
| Taxon |
Reference |
Match |
Status |
| Canis lupus |
Gittleman,J. L., 1985, Carnivore body size: ecological and taxonomic correlates, Oecologia |
1: Exact Taxon match |
Verified - Accepted |
| Canis lupus |
Damuth, J. 2010. ABSOLUT 6 a mammalian database compiled by the national center for ecological analysis and synthesis (NCEAS ) workshop on mammalian communities. |
1: Exact Taxon match |
Verified - Accepted |
| Canis lupus |
Evans, Alistair R., Gregory P. Wilson, Mikael Fortelius, and Jukka Jernvall. “High-Level Similarity of Dentitions in Carnivorans and Rodents.†Nature 445, no. 7123 (December 13, 2006): 78–81. doi:10.1038/nature05433. |
1: Exact Taxon match |
Verified - Accepted |
| Canis lupus |
Reid,F., 2006, Peterson field guide to mammals of North America, |
1: Exact Taxon match |
Verified - Accepted |
| Canis lupus |
Nowak,R. M., 1991, Walker's mammals of the world, |
1: Exact Taxon match |
Verified - Accepted |
| Canis lupus |
Grzimek,B., 2003, Grzimek's Animal Life Encyclopedia: Mammals I-V, |
1: Exact Taxon match |
Verified - Accepted |
| Canis lupus |
Smith,A. T., 2010, A guide to the mammals of China, |
1: Exact Taxon match |
Verified - Accepted |
| Canis lupus |
Nowak,R. M., 1991, Walker's mammals of the world, |
1: Exact Taxon match |
Verified - Accepted |
| Canis lupus |
Law, C.J., Blackwell, E.A., Curtis, A.A., Dickinson, E., Hartstone‐Rose, A. and Santana, S.E., 2022. Decoupled evolution of the cranium and mandible in carnivoran mammals. Evolution. |
1: Exact Taxon match |
Verified - Accepted |
| Canis lupus |
Engelman, R.K., 2022. Occipital condyle width (OCW) is a highly accurate predictor of body mass in therian mammals. BMC biology, 20(1), p.37. |
1: Exact Taxon match |
Verified - Accepted |
| Canis lupus |
DeMers, A.C., 2023. Functional Significance of the Mandible, Tooth Roots, and Tooth Crowns, and their Implications for Fossil Dietary Inference (Doctoral dissertation, The Ohio State University). |
1: Exact Taxon match |
Verified - Accepted |
| Canis lupus |
McNab, B.K., 2008. An analysis of the factors that influence the level and scaling of mammalian BMR. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A: Molecular & Integrative Physiology, 151(1), pp.5-28. |
1: Exact Taxon match |
Verified - Accepted |
| Canis lupus |
Nelson, A., Engelman, R.K. and Croft, D.A., 2023. How to weigh a fossil mammal? South American notoungulates as a case study for estimating body mass in extinct clades. Journal of Mammalian Evolution, 30(3), pp.773-809. |
1: Exact Taxon match |
Verified - Accepted |
| Canis lupus |
Genoud, M., Isler, K. and Martin, R.D., 2018. Comparative analyses of basal rate of metabolism in mammals: data selection does matter. Biological Reviews, 93(1), pp.404-438. |
1: Exact Taxon match |
Verified - Accepted |
| Canis lupus |
Torretta, E., Brangi, A. and Meriggi, A., 2024. Changes in Wolf Occupancy and Feeding Habits in the Northern Apennines: Results of Long-Term Predator–Prey Monitoring. Animals, 14(5), p.735. |
1: Exact Taxon match |
Verified - Accepted |
| Canis lupus |
Freudenthal, M. and Martín-Suárez, E., 2013. Estimating body mass of fossil rodents. Scripta Geologica, 145, pp.1-513. |
1: Exact Taxon match |
Verified - Accepted |
| Canis lupus |
Juhn, M.S., Balisi, M.A., Doughty, E.M., Friscia, A.R., Howenstine, A.O., Jacquemetton, C., Marcot, J., Nugen, S. and Van Valkenburgh, B., 2024. Cenozoic climate change and the evolution of North American mammalian predator ecomorphology. Paleobiology, pp.1-10. |
1: Exact Taxon match |
Verified - Accepted |
Citation for this page:
[The MammalBase community 2024. / CC BY 4.0. http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7462864
Canis lupus
, Accessed 23rd November 2024 at https://mammalbase.net/me/2]