Home Mammals Diets Proximate Analysis News About
Diet Set ETS Proximate Analysis
ETS
 Home Mammals Diets Proximate Analysis News About Import Export

MammalBase - Accepted taxon: Litocranius walleri

Accepted taxon: Litocranius walleri


Accepted taxon: Litocranius walleri
Taxon: Litocranius walleri
Rank: Species
Higher Classification: ARTIODACTYLA | Bovidae | Antilopinae | Litocranius
Reference: Wilson, Don E., and DeeAnn M. Reeder, eds. Mammal Species of the World. A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed), JHU Press, 2005.
00.20.40.60.8110.80.60.40.2010.80.60.40.20
CF+ASHNFECP+EE

Fig.1 - Ternary plot of the proximate analysis for the Litocranius walleri diet.
CF (Crude Fibre) 25, ASH (Ash contents) 9, NFE (Nitrogen-Free-Extract) 52, CP (Crude Protein) 11, EE (Ether Extract) 3. See details for the calculations in Lintulaakso, K., Tatti, N. and Žliobaitė, I., 2022. Quantifying mammalian diets. Mammalian Biology, pp.1-15. [DOI]


Table 1. List of Diet Items for Litocranius walleri.
TSN Complete name Part Ratio a. Reference(s)
Magnoliopsida LEAF 41.35 Bärman…
Magnoliopsida SHOOT 15.56 Bärman…
Plantae SHOOT 11.11 Bärman…
Poaceae STEM 6.67 Grzimek,B…
Acacia LEAF 6.67 Bärman…
Magnoliopsida FRUIT 5.56 Bärman…
Capparaceae LEAF 2.50 Bärman…
Euphorbiaceae LEAF 1.98 Bärman…
Cactaceae SHOOT 1.67 Grzimek,B…
Commiphora LEAF 1.67 Bärman…
Maerua STEM 1.67 Bärman…
Thunbergia LEAF 1.59 Bärman…
Boscia LEAF 0.83 Bärman…
Lamiaceae LEAF 0.79 Bärman…
Rubiaceae LEAF 0.40 Bärman…

a. Standardized values. See details for the calculations in Lintulaakso, K., Tatti, N. and Žliobaitė, I., 2022. Quantifying mammalian diets. Mammalian Biology, pp.1-15. [DOI]


Table 2. List of Standard Traits for Litocranius walleri.
Trait Selected Value All Value(s) Reference(s)
Dietary category: Eisenberg 1981 Herbivore-Browser Herbivore-Browser Abraham, …
Dietary category: Miljutin 2009 Herbivore Herbivore Abraham, …

Table 3. List of Standard Measurements for Litocranius walleri.
Measurement Location Unit n Total n Unknown n Female n Male Min Mean Max SD Reference(s)
Body Mass (BM) nan g - - - - 25,000 - 58,000 - Freudenth…
Body Mass (BM) nan g 1 1 - - - 31,600 - - Engelman,…
Body Mass (BM) nan g - - - - - 38,880 - - Wimberly,…
Head-Body Length (HBL) nan mm - - - - - 1,500 - - Engelman,…
Occipital condyle width (OCW) nan mm 1 1 - - - 45.69 - - Engelman,…

Table 4. List of other Measurements b. for Litocranius walleri.
Measurement Location Unit n Total n Unknown n Female n Male Min Mean Max SD Reference(s)
Length of the Masseteric Fossa cm 5 5 - - - 9 - - Quibod, M…
Muzzle Width cm 5 5 - - - 2 - - Quibod, M…
Total Length of the Skull cm 5 5 - - - 24 - - Quibod, M…
brainmass nan g - - - - - 118 - - Engelman,…
skull_length nan mm - - - - - 232 - - Engelman,…
A1-MLL (maximum lateral length of the astragalus) nan mm 7 7 - - 32 35 36 2 Wimberly,…
A2-MML (maximum medial length of the astragalus) nan mm 7 7 - - 30 32 33 1 Wimberly,…
A3-MIN (minimal length of the astragalus) nan mm 7 7 - - 25 27 28 1 Wimberly,…
A4-WAT (width at tarsus of the astragalus) nan mm 7 7 - - 18 19 20 1 Wimberly,…
A5-WAF (width at trochlea of the astragalus) nan mm 7 7 - - 18 19 20 1 Wimberly,…
C1-UL (greatest length of the calcaneus) nan mm 7 7 - - 71 76 79 3 Wimberly,…
C2-TL (length of body of the calcaneus) nan mm 7 7 - - 50 54 55 2 Wimberly,…
C3-MBH (midbody height of the calcaneus) nan mm 7 7 - - 18 20 21 1 Wimberly,…
C4-MBTV (midbody transverse width of the calcaneus) nan mm 7 7 - - 9 9 10 0 Wimberly,…
C5-FFL (fibular facet length of the calcaneus) nan mm 7 7 - - 13 15 15 1 Wimberly,…
C6-CNFL (cubonavicular facet length of the calcaneus) nan mm 7 7 - - 16 19 20 2 Wimberly,…
C7-HSF (height of sustentacular facet of the calcaneus) nan mm 7 7 - - 12 13 13 0 Wimberly,…
C8-HST (height of sustentaculum tali of the calcaneus) nan mm 7 7 - - 22 23 24 1 Wimberly,…
F1-UL (full length of the femur) nan mm 7 7 - - 201 211 221 8 Wimberly,…
F2-FL (functional length of the femur) nan mm 7 7 - - 195 203 211 7 Wimberly,…
F3-MCF (midshaft circumference of the femur) nan mm 7 7 - - 59 61 63 1 Wimberly,…
F4-PW (proximal width of the femur) nan mm 7 7 - - 50 53 55 2 Wimberly,…
F5-MLHW (mediolateral femoral head of the femur) nan mm 7 7 - - 27 29 30 1 Wimberly,…
F6-APHW (anteroposterior femoral head of the femur) nan mm 7 7 - - 21 23 23 1 Wimberly,…
F7-DW (distal width of the femur) nan mm 7 7 - - 39 42 43 2 Wimberly,…
F8-MPL (medial condyle and patellar lip of the femur) nan mm 7 7 - - 56 59 61 2 Wimberly,…
F9-LPL (lateral condyle and patellar lip of the femur) nan mm 7 7 - - 48 52 53 2 Wimberly,…
H1-UL (full length of the humerus) nan mm 7 7 - - 164 171 177 6 Wimberly,…
H2-FL (functional length of the humerus) nan mm 7 7 - - 152 158 162 5 Wimberly,…
H3-MCF (midshaft circumference of the humerus) nan mm 7 7 - - 53 57 59 2 Wimberly,…
H4-MTH (largest medial height of trochlea of the humerus) nan mm 7 7 - - 22 23 23 1 Wimberly,…
H5-MidTH (smallest height of trochlea of the humerus) nan mm 7 7 - - 17 17 18 0 Wimberly,…
H6-LTH (largest lateral height of trochlea of the humerus) nan mm 7 7 - - 19 21 21 1 Wimberly,…
H7-PW (proximal width of the humerus) nan mm 7 7 - - 37 40 41 2 Wimberly,…
H8-MLH (mediolateral humeral head width of the humerus) nan mm 7 7 - - 31 34 36 2 Wimberly,…
H9-DW (distal width of the humerus) nan mm 7 7 - - 31 34 35 2 Wimberly,…
MC1-UL (length of the metacarpus) nan mm 7 7 - - 253 269 283 10 Wimberly,…
MC2-MAP (anteroposterior midshaft of the metacarpus) nan mm 7 7 - - 13 15 16 1 Wimberly,…
MC3-MML (mediolateral midshaft of the metacarpus) nan mm 7 7 - - 14 15 15 1 Wimberly,…
MC4-DW (distal width of the metacarpus) nan mm 7 7 - - 22 24 25 2 Wimberly,…
MC5-PW (proximal width of the metacarpus) nan mm 7 7 - - 23 26 27 1 Wimberly,…
MT1-UL (length of the metatarsus) nan mm 7 7 - - 232 238 245 6 Wimberly,…
MT2-MAP (anteroposterior midshaft of the metatarsus) nan mm 7 7 - - 17 18 19 1 Wimberly,…
MT3-MML (mediolateral midshaft of the metatarsus) nan mm 7 7 - - 14 15 15 0 Wimberly,…
MT4-DW (distal width of the metatarsus) nan mm 7 7 - - 23 25 27 2 Wimberly,…
MT5-PW (proximal width of the metatarsus) nan mm 7 7 - - 22 24 26 1 Wimberly,…
R1-UL (length of the radius) nan mm 7 7 - - 212 220 229 7 Wimberly,…
R2-PW (full proximal width of the radius) nan mm 7 7 - - 30 32 34 1 Wimberly,…
R3-NPW (width of humeral articular surface of the radius) nan mm 7 7 - - 26 29 30 1 Wimberly,…
R4-DW (distal width of the radius) nan mm 7 7 - - 27 29 30 1 Wimberly,…
S1-L (full length of the scapula) nan mm 7 7 - - 139 146 152 6 Wimberly,…
S2-GW (greatest cranio-caudal length of the scapula) nan mm 7 7 - - 79 87 92 5 Wimberly,…
S3-SW (shortest length of scapular neck of the scapula) nan mm 7 7 - - 19 20 21 1 Wimberly,…
S4-GH (anteroposterior glenoid fossa of the scapula) nan mm 7 7 - - 27 29 30 1 Wimberly,…
S5-GW (mediolateral glenoid fossa of the scapula) nan mm 7 7 - - 23 27 29 2 Wimberly,…
T1-L (full length of the tibia) nan mm 7 7 - - 251 259 266 6 Wimberly,…
T2-MCF (midshaft circumference of the tibia) nan mm 7 7 - - 60 63 65 2 Wimberly,…
T3-PW (proximal width of the tibia) nan mm 7 7 - - 43 46 48 2 Wimberly,…
T4-DW (distal width of the tibia) nan mm 7 7 - - 28 30 32 2 Wimberly,…
U1-UL (length of the ulna) nan mm 7 7 - - 248 260 272 11 Wimberly,…
U2-OPL (olecranon process length of the ulna) nan mm 7 7 - - 37 39 42 2 Wimberly,…
average ungulate dietary grass fraction (proportional) nan unitless - - - - - 0 - - Abraham, …
femur circumference nan mm - - - - - 55 - - Nelson, A…
femur diameter nan mm - - - - - 18 - - Nelson, A…
humerus circumference nan mm - - - - - 52 - - Nelson, A…
humerus diameter nan mm - - - - - 17 - - Nelson, A…
neck length nan mm - - - - - 380 - - Nelson, A…

b. other Measurements. Source Measurements which are not listed on or mapped with the Standard Traits..


Table 5. List of Data Sources for Litocranius walleri.
Taxon Reference Match Status
Litocranius walleri Clauss,M., 2010, Convergence in the macroscopic anatomy of the reticulum in wild ruminant species of different feeding types and a new resulting hypothesis on reticular function, Journal of zoology 1: Exact Taxon match Verified - Accepted
Lithocranius walleri Gordon,IJ, 1988, Incisor arcade structure and diet selection in ruminants, Functional Ecology 51: Name variant or misspelling of the taxon Verified - Accepted
Lithocranius walleri Loison,A., 1999, What factors shape sexual size dimorphism in ungulates?, Evolutionary Ecology Research 51: Name variant or misspelling of the taxon Verified - Accepted
Litocranius walleri Clauss,M., 2002, Faecal particle size distribution in captive wild ruminants: an approach to the browser/grazer dichotomy from the other end, Oecologia 1: Exact Taxon match Verified - Accepted
Litocranius walleri Mendoza,M., 2008, Hypsodonty in ungulates: an adaptation for grass consumption or for foraging in open habitat?, Journal of zoology 1: Exact Taxon match Verified - Accepted
Litocranius walleri Damuth, J. 2010. ABSOLUT 6 a mammalian database compiled by the national center for ecological analysis and synthesis (NCEAS ) workshop on mammalian communities. 1: Exact Taxon match Verified - Accepted
Litocranius walleri Nowak,R. M., 1991, Walker's mammals of the world, 1: Exact Taxon match Verified - Accepted
Litocranius walleri Grzimek,B., 2003, Grzimek's Animal Life Encyclopedia: Mammals I-V, 1: Exact Taxon match Verified - Accepted
Litocranius walleri Nowak,R. M., 1991, Walker's mammals of the world, 1: Exact Taxon match Verified - Accepted
Litocranius walleri Bärmann, E.V., Klappert, A.N. and Chen, A., 2021. Litocranius walleri (Artiodactyla: Bovidae). Mammalian Species, 53(1005), pp.65-77. 1: Exact Taxon match Verified - Accepted
Litocranius walleri Quibod, M.N.R.M., Gélin, U., van Langevelde, F. and Tomlinson, K.W., 2023. Diet-specific responses of skull traits to aridity gradients in bovids and cervids. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, p.zlad068. 1: Exact Taxon match Verified - Accepted
Litocranius walleri Engelman, R.K., 2022. Occipital condyle width (OCW) is a highly accurate predictor of body mass in therian mammals. BMC biology, 20(1), p.37. 1: Exact Taxon match Verified - Accepted
Litocranius walleri DeMers, A.C., 2023. Functional Significance of the Mandible, Tooth Roots, and Tooth Crowns, and their Implications for Fossil Dietary Inference (Doctoral dissertation, The Ohio State University). 1: Exact Taxon match Verified - Accepted
Litocranius walleri Wimberly, A.N., 2023. Predicting body mass in Ruminantia using postcranial measurements. Journal of Morphology, 284(10), p.e21636. 1: Exact Taxon match Verified - Accepted
Litocranius walleri Abraham, J.O., Upham, N.S., Damian-Serrano, A. and Jesmer, B.R., 2022. Evolutionary causes and consequences of ungulate migration. Nature Ecology & Evolution, 6(7), pp.998-1006. 1: Exact Taxon match Verified - Accepted
Litocranius walleri Lundgren, E.J., Schowanek, S.D., Rowan, J., Middleton, O., Pedersen, R.Ø., Wallach, A.D., Ramp, D., Davis, M., Sandom, C.J. and Svenning, J.C., 2021. Functional traits of the world’s late Quaternary large-bodied avian and mammalian herbivores. Scientific data, 8(1), p.17. 1: Exact Taxon match Verified - Accepted
Litocranius walleri Nelson, A., Engelman, R.K. and Croft, D.A., 2023. How to weigh a fossil mammal? South American notoungulates as a case study for estimating body mass in extinct clades. Journal of Mammalian Evolution, 30(3), pp.773-809. 1: Exact Taxon match Verified - Accepted
Litocranius walleri Freudenthal, M. and Martín-Suárez, E., 2013. Estimating body mass of fossil rodents. Scripta Geologica, 145, pp.1-513. 1: Exact Taxon match Verified - Accepted

Citation for this page: [The MammalBase community 2025. / CC BY 4.0. http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7462864 Litocranius walleri , Accessed 2nd May 2025 at https://mammalbase.net/me/15899]