MammalBase - Accepted taxon: Aepyceros melampus

Accepted taxon: Aepyceros melampus
Taxon:	Aepyceros melampus
Rank:	Species
Higher Classification:	ARTIODACTYLA \| Bovidae \| Aepycerotinae \| Aepyceros
Reference:	Wilson, Don E., and DeeAnn M. Reeder, eds. Mammal Species of the World. A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed), JHU Press, 2005.

Fig.1 - Ternary plot of the proximate analysis for the Aepyceros melampus diet.
CF (Crude Fibre) 25, ASH (Ash contents) 8, NFE (Nitrogen-Free-Extract) 51, CP (Crude Protein) 13, EE (Ether Extract) 4. See details for the calculations in Lintulaakso, K., Tatti, N. and Žliobaitė, I., 2022. Quantifying mammalian diets. Mammalian Biology, pp.1-15. [DOI]

Table 1. List of Diet Items for Aepyceros melampus.
TSN Complete name	Part	Ratio ^a.	Reference(s)
Magnoliopsida	LEAF	34.84	Damuth, J…
Poaceae	STEM	34.19	Damuth, J…
Magnoliopsida	STEM	11.61	Damuth, J…
Acacia	SEED	7.74	Damuth, J…
Magnoliopsida	SHOOT	5.81	Grzimek,B…
Magnoliopsida	FRUIT	3.87	Grzimek,B…
Magnoliopsida	SEED	1.94	Grzimek,B…

^a. Standardized values. See details for the calculations in Lintulaakso, K., Tatti, N. and Žliobaitė, I., 2022. Quantifying mammalian diets. Mammalian Biology, pp.1-15. [DOI]

Table 2. List of Standard Traits for Aepyceros melampus.
Trait	Selected Value	All Value(s)	Reference(s)
Dietary category: Eisenberg 1981	Herbivore-Mixed feeder	Herbivore-Mixed feeder	A. Myster…
Dietary category: Miljutin 2009	Herbivore	Herbivore	A. Myster…

Table 3. List of Standard Measurements for Aepyceros melampus.
Measurement	Location	Unit	n Total	n Unknown	n Female	n Male	Min	Mean	Max	SD	Reference(s)
Body Mass (BM)	nan	g	12	-	12	-	-	42,080	-	-	Nelson, A…
Body Mass (BM)	nan	g	4	4	-	-	-	46,493.22	-	-	Engelman,…
Body Mass (BM)	nan	g	-	-	-	-	-	45,990	-	-	Wimberly,…
Body Mass (BM)	nan	g	10	-	-	10	-	44,180	-	-	Nelson, A…
Body Mass (BM)	nan	g	-	-	-	-	28,000	-	80,000	-	Freudenth…
Body Mass (BM)	nan	g	28	-	-	28	-	56,900	-	-	Nelson, A…
Body Mass (BM)	nan	g	9	-	9	-	-	40,480	-	-	Nelson, A…
Head-Body Length (HBL)	nan	mm	10	-	-	10	-	1,269	-	-	Nelson, A…
Head-Body Length (HBL)	nan	mm	28	-	-	28	-	1,354	-	-	Nelson, A…
Head-Body Length (HBL)	nan	mm	9	-	9	-	-	1,373.4	-	-	Nelson, A…
Head-Body Length (HBL)	nan	mm	-	-	-	-	-	1,400	-	-	Engelman,…
Head-Body Length (HBL)	nan	mm	12	-	12	-	-	1,278	-	-	Nelson, A…
Occipital condyle width (OCW)	nan	mm	4	4	-	-	-	50.12	-	-	Engelman,…

Table 4. List of other Measurements ^b. for Aepyceros melampus.
Measurement	Location	Unit	n Total	n Unknown	n Female	n Male	Min	Mean	Max	SD	Reference(s)
Length of the Masseteric Fossa		cm	11	11	-	-	-	12	-	-	Quibod, M…
Muzzle Width		cm	11	11	-	-	-	3	-	-	Quibod, M…
Total Length of the Skull		cm	11	11	-	-	-	24	-	-	Quibod, M…
brainmass	nan	g	-	-	-	-	-	175	-	-	Engelman,…
skull_length	nan	mm	-	-	-	-	-	238	-	-	Engelman,…
A1-MLL (maximum lateral length of the astragalus)	nan	mm	2	2	-	-	38	38	39	1	Wimberly,…
A2-MML (maximum medial length of the astragalus)	nan	mm	2	2	-	-	35	35	36	1	Wimberly,…
A3-MIN (minimal length of the astragalus)	nan	mm	2	2	-	-	30	30	30	0	Wimberly,…
A4-WAT (width at tarsus of the astragalus)	nan	mm	2	2	-	-	22	22	23	1	Wimberly,…
A5-WAF (width at trochlea of the astragalus)	nan	mm	2	2	-	-	21	21	22	1	Wimberly,…
C1-UL (greatest length of the calcaneus)	nan	mm	2	2	-	-	79	85	90	8	Wimberly,…
C2-TL (length of body of the calcaneus)	nan	mm	2	2	-	-	53	58	63	6	Wimberly,…
C3-MBH (midbody height of the calcaneus)	nan	mm	2	2	-	-	20	22	23	3	Wimberly,…
C4-MBTV (midbody transverse width of the calcaneus)	nan	mm	2	2	-	-	9	10	11	1	Wimberly,…
C5-FFL (fibular facet length of the calcaneus)	nan	mm	2	2	-	-	16	17	18	1	Wimberly,…
C6-CNFL (cubonavicular facet length of the calcaneus)	nan	mm	2	2	-	-	20	21	23	2	Wimberly,…
C7-HSF (height of sustentacular facet of the calcaneus)	nan	mm	2	2	-	-	13	14	15	1	Wimberly,…
C8-HST (height of sustentaculum tali of the calcaneus)	nan	mm	2	2	-	-	22	24	25	2	Wimberly,…
F1-UL (full length of the femur)	nan	mm	2	2	-	-	214	232	250	25	Wimberly,…
F2-FL (functional length of the femur)	nan	mm	2	2	-	-	203	221	239	26	Wimberly,…
F3-MCF (midshaft circumference of the femur)	nan	mm	2	2	-	-	61	65	68	5	Wimberly,…
F4-PW (proximal width of the femur)	nan	mm	2	2	-	-	57	61	66	6	Wimberly,…
F5-MLHW (mediolateral femoral head of the femur)	nan	mm	2	2	-	-	32	34	36	2	Wimberly,…
F6-APHW (anteroposterior femoral head of the femur)	nan	mm	2	2	-	-	23	24	26	2	Wimberly,…
F7-DW (distal width of the femur)	nan	mm	2	2	-	-	48	49	50	2	Wimberly,…
F8-MPL (medial condyle and patellar lip of the femur)	nan	mm	2	2	-	-	62	64	67	4	Wimberly,…
F9-LPL (lateral condyle and patellar lip of the femur)	nan	mm	2	2	-	-	52	54	56	3	Wimberly,…
H1-UL (full length of the humerus)	nan	mm	2	2	-	-	169	180	191	16	Wimberly,…
H2-FL (functional length of the humerus)	nan	mm	2	2	-	-	150	160	170	14	Wimberly,…
H3-MCF (midshaft circumference of the humerus)	nan	mm	2	2	-	-	60	66	71	8	Wimberly,…
H4-MTH (largest medial height of trochlea of the humerus)	nan	mm	2	2	-	-	26	27	28	1	Wimberly,…
H5-MidTH (smallest height of trochlea of the humerus)	nan	mm	2	2	-	-	18	18	18	0	Wimberly,…
H6-LTH (largest lateral height of trochlea of the humerus)	nan	mm	2	2	-	-	22	22	23	0	Wimberly,…
H7-PW (proximal width of the humerus)	nan	mm	2	2	-	-	51	54	57	4	Wimberly,…
H8-MLH (mediolateral humeral head width of the humerus)	nan	mm	2	2	-	-	36	39	43	5	Wimberly,…
H9-DW (distal width of the humerus)	nan	mm	2	2	-	-	37	37	38	0	Wimberly,…
MC1-UL (length of the metacarpus)	nan	mm	2	2	-	-	211	222	233	15	Wimberly,…
MC2-MAP (anteroposterior midshaft of the metacarpus)	nan	mm	2	2	-	-	13	16	20	5	Wimberly,…
MC3-MML (mediolateral midshaft of the metacarpus)	nan	mm	2	2	-	-	14	16	17	2	Wimberly,…
MC4-DW (distal width of the metacarpus)	nan	mm	2	2	-	-	25	27	29	3	Wimberly,…
MC5-PW (proximal width of the metacarpus)	nan	mm	2	2	-	-	28	29	29	0	Wimberly,…
MT1-UL (length of the metatarsus)	nan	mm	2	2	-	-	214	230	245	22	Wimberly,…
MT2-MAP (anteroposterior midshaft of the metatarsus)	nan	mm	2	2	-	-	16	18	20	3	Wimberly,…
MT3-MML (mediolateral midshaft of the metatarsus)	nan	mm	2	2	-	-	13	15	16	2	Wimberly,…
MT4-DW (distal width of the metatarsus)	nan	mm	2	2	-	-	26	28	30	3	Wimberly,…
MT5-PW (proximal width of the metatarsus)	nan	mm	2	2	-	-	26	27	29	2	Wimberly,…
R1-UL (length of the radius)	nan	mm	2	2	-	-	207	219	231	17	Wimberly,…
R2-PW (full proximal width of the radius)	nan	mm	2	2	-	-	35	37	39	3	Wimberly,…
R3-NPW (width of humeral articular surface of the radius)	nan	mm	2	2	-	-	33	34	34	1	Wimberly,…
R4-DW (distal width of the radius)	nan	mm	2	2	-	-	33	33	34	1	Wimberly,…
S1-L (full length of the scapula)	nan	mm	2	2	-	-	-	175	-	-	Wimberly,…
S2-GW (greatest cranio-caudal length of the scapula)	nan	mm	2	2	-	-	-	88	-	-	Wimberly,…
S3-SW (shortest length of scapular neck of the scapula)	nan	mm	2	2	-	-	-	20	-	-	Wimberly,…
S4-GH (anteroposterior glenoid fossa of the scapula)	nan	mm	2	2	-	-	-	31	-	-	Wimberly,…
S5-GW (mediolateral glenoid fossa of the scapula)	nan	mm	2	2	-	-	-	26	-	-	Wimberly,…
T1-L (full length of the tibia)	nan	mm	2	2	-	-	254	274	294	28	Wimberly,…
T2-MCF (midshaft circumference of the tibia)	nan	mm	2	2	-	-	58	65	72	10	Wimberly,…
T3-PW (proximal width of the tibia)	nan	mm	2	2	-	-	50	53	55	4	Wimberly,…
T4-DW (distal width of the tibia)	nan	mm	2	2	-	-	32	33	35	2	Wimberly,…
U1-UL (length of the ulna)	nan	mm	2	2	-	-	250	266	282	23	Wimberly,…
U2-OPL (olecranon process length of the ulna)	nan	mm	2	2	-	-	43	48	53	7	Wimberly,…
average ungulate dietary grass fraction (proportional)	nan	unitless	-	-	-	-	-	1	-	-	Abraham, …
femur circumference	nan	mm	-	-	-	-	-	66	-	-	Nelson, A…
femur diameter	nan	mm	-	-	-	-	-	20	-	-	Nelson, A…
humerus circumference	nan	mm	-	-	-	-	-	67	-	-	Nelson, A…
humerus diameter	nan	mm	-	-	-	-	-	18	-	-	Nelson, A…
neck length	nan	mm	-	-	-	-	-	361	-	-	Nelson, A…

^b. other Measurements. Source Measurements which are not listed on or mapped with the Standard Traits..

Table 5. List of Data Sources for Aepyceros melampus.
Taxon	Reference	Match	Status
Aepyceros melampus	Mysterud,Atle, 2000, The Relationship between Ecological Segregation and Sexual Body Size Dimorphism in Large Herbivores, Oecologia	1: Exact Taxon match	Verified - Accepted
Aepyceros melampus	Clauss,M., 2002, Faecal particle size distribution in captive wild ruminants: an approach to the browser/grazer dichotomy from the other end, Oecologia	1: Exact Taxon match	Verified - Accepted
Aepyceros melampus	Clauss,M., 2010, Convergence in the macroscopic anatomy of the reticulum in wild ruminant species of different feeding types and a new resulting hypothesis on reticular function, Journal of zoology	1: Exact Taxon match	Verified - Accepted
Aepyceros melampus	Gordon,IJ, 1988, Incisor arcade structure and diet selection in ruminants, Functional Ecology	1: Exact Taxon match	Verified - Accepted
Aepyceros melampus	Loison,A., 1999, What factors shape sexual size dimorphism in ungulates?, Evolutionary Ecology Research	1: Exact Taxon match	Verified - Accepted
Aepyceros melampus	Sponheimer,M., 2001, The oxygen isotope composition of mammalian enamel carbonate from Morea Estate, South Africa, Oecologia	1: Exact Taxon match	Verified - Accepted
Aepyceros melampus	Mendoza,M., 2008, Hypsodonty in ungulates: an adaptation for grass consumption or for foraging in open habitat?, Journal of zoology	1: Exact Taxon match	Verified - Accepted
Aepyceros melampus	Damuth, J. 2010. ABSOLUT 6 a mammalian database compiled by the national center for ecological analysis and synthesis (NCEAS ) workshop on mammalian communities.	1: Exact Taxon match	Verified - Accepted
Aepyceros melampus	Nowak,R. M., 1991, Walker's mammals of the world,	1: Exact Taxon match	Verified - Accepted
Aepyceros melampus	Grzimek,B., 2003, Grzimek's Animal Life Encyclopedia: Mammals I-V,	1: Exact Taxon match	Verified - Accepted
Aepyceros melampus	Nowak,R. M., 1991, Walker's mammals of the world,	1: Exact Taxon match	Verified - Accepted
Aepyceros melampus	Quibod, M.N.R.M., Gélin, U., van Langevelde, F. and Tomlinson, K.W., 2023. Diet-specific responses of skull traits to aridity gradients in bovids and cervids. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, p.zlad068.	1: Exact Taxon match	Verified - Accepted
Aepyceros melampus	Engelman, R.K., 2022. Occipital condyle width (OCW) is a highly accurate predictor of body mass in therian mammals. BMC biology, 20(1), p.37.	1: Exact Taxon match	Verified - Accepted
Aepyceros melampus	DeMers, A.C., 2023. Functional Significance of the Mandible, Tooth Roots, and Tooth Crowns, and their Implications for Fossil Dietary Inference (Doctoral dissertation, The Ohio State University).	1: Exact Taxon match	Verified - Accepted
Aepyceros melampus	Wimberly, A.N., 2023. Predicting body mass in Ruminantia using postcranial measurements. Journal of Morphology, 284(10), p.e21636.	1: Exact Taxon match	Verified - Accepted
Aepyceros melampus	Abraham, J.O., Upham, N.S., Damian-Serrano, A. and Jesmer, B.R., 2022. Evolutionary causes and consequences of ungulate migration. Nature Ecology & Evolution, 6(7), pp.998-1006.	1: Exact Taxon match	Verified - Accepted
Aepyceros melampus	Lundgren, E.J., Schowanek, S.D., Rowan, J., Middleton, O., Pedersen, R.Ø., Wallach, A.D., Ramp, D., Davis, M., Sandom, C.J. and Svenning, J.C., 2021. Functional traits of the world’s late Quaternary large-bodied avian and mammalian herbivores. Scientific data, 8(1), p.17.	1: Exact Taxon match	Verified - Accepted
Aepyceros melampus	Nelson, A., Engelman, R.K. and Croft, D.A., 2023. How to weigh a fossil mammal? South American notoungulates as a case study for estimating body mass in extinct clades. Journal of Mammalian Evolution, 30(3), pp.773-809.	1: Exact Taxon match	Verified - Accepted
Aepyceros melampus	Freudenthal, M. and Martín-Suárez, E., 2013. Estimating body mass of fossil rodents. Scripta Geologica, 145, pp.1-513.	1: Exact Taxon match	Verified - Accepted

Citation for this page: [The MammalBase community 2025. / CC BY 4.0. http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7462864 Aepyceros melampus , Accessed 7th April 2025 at https://mammalbase.net/me/15811]