MammalBase - Accepted taxon: Sus scrofa

Accepted taxon: Sus scrofa
Taxon:	Sus scrofa
Rank:	Species
Higher Classification:	ARTIODACTYLA \| Suidae \| Suinae \| Suini \| Sus
Reference:	Wilson, Don E., and DeeAnn M. Reeder, eds. Mammal Species of the World. A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed), JHU Press, 2005.

Fig.1 - Ternary plot of the proximate analysis for the Sus scrofa diet.
CF (Crude Fibre) 17, ASH (Ash contents) 8, NFE (Nitrogen-Free-Extract) 49, CP (Crude Protein) 18, EE (Ether Extract) 5. See details for the calculations in Lintulaakso, K., Tatti, N. and Žliobaitė, I., 2022. Quantifying mammalian diets. Mammalian Biology, pp.1-15. [DOI]

Table 1. List of Diet Items for Sus scrofa.
TSN Complete name	Part	Ratio ^a.	Reference(s)
Magnoliopsida	SHOOT	29.17	Grzimek,B…
Magnoliopsida	ROOT	13.53	Damuth, J…
Poaceae	STEM	11.36	Damuth, J…
Magnoliopsida	FRUIT	10.40	Damuth, J…
Magnoliopsida	SEED	7.70	Grzimek,B…
Fagaceae	SEED	7.02	Damuth, J…
Fungi	SHOOT	3.79	Smith,A. …
Oligochaeta	WHOLE	2.27	Smith,A. …
Vertebrata	WHOLE	1.96	Grzimek,B…
Lilianae	STEM	1.92	Grzimek,B…
Gastropoda	WHOLE	1.89	Smith,A. …
Vertebrata	CARRION	1.86	Grzimek,B…
Animalia	WHOLE	1.67	Damuth, J…
0	MINERAL	1.65	Grzimek,B…
Insecta	WHOLE	1.52	Smith,A. …
Arthropoda	WHOLE	1.37	Grzimek,B…
Mollusca	WHOLE	0.55	Grzimek,B…
Serpentes	WHOLE	0.38	Smith,A. …

^a. Standardized values. See details for the calculations in Lintulaakso, K., Tatti, N. and Žliobaitė, I., 2022. Quantifying mammalian diets. Mammalian Biology, pp.1-15. [DOI]

Table 2. List of Standard Traits for Sus scrofa.
Trait	Selected Value	All Value(s)	Reference(s)
Dietary category: Eisenberg 1981	Frugivore-Herbivore	Frugivore-Herbivore, Herbivore-Mixed feeder	– A. Mysterud, 2000, 'The relationship between ecological segregation and sexual body size dimorphism in large herbivores', Oecologia, vol. 124, no. 1, pp. 40-54, Abraham, J.O., Upham, N.S., Damian-Serrano, A. and Jesmer, B.R., 2022. Evolutionary causes and consequences of ungulate migration. Nature Ecology & Evolution, 6(7), pp.998-1006.
Dietary category: Miljutin 2009	Frugivore	Frugivore, Herbivore	– A. Mysterud, 2000, 'The relationship between ecological segregation and sexual body size dimorphism in large herbivores', Oecologia, vol. 124, no. 1, pp. 40-54, Abraham, J.O., Upham, N.S., Damian-Serrano, A. and Jesmer, B.R., 2022. Evolutionary causes and consequences of ungulate migration. Nature Ecology & Evolution, 6(7), pp.998-1006.

Table 3. List of Standard Measurements for Sus scrofa.
Measurement	Location	Unit	n Total	n Unknown	n Female	n Male	Min	Mean	Max	SD	Reference(s)
Body Mass (BM)	nan	g	30	-	30	-	-	115,000	-	-	Nelson, A…
Body Mass (BM)	nan	g	31	-	-	31	-	86,100	-	-	Nelson, A…
Body Mass (BM)	nan	g	17	-	17	-	-	92,500	-	-	Nelson, A…
Body Mass (BM)	nan	g	3	3	-	-	-	93,891.33	-	-	Engelman,…
Body Mass (BM)	nan	g	8	-	-	8	-	94,500	-	-	Nelson, A…
Body Mass (BM)	nan	g	9	-	9	-	-	69,240	-	-	Nelson, A…
Body Mass (BM)	nan	g	23	-	23	-	-	62,600	-	-	Nelson, A…
Body Mass (BM)	nan	g	60	-	-	60	-	142,000	-	-	Nelson, A…
Body Mass (BM)	nan	g	8	-	8	-	-	63,800	-	-	Nelson, A…
Body Mass (BM)	nan	g	11	-	-	11	-	109,270	-	-	Nelson, A…
Body Mass (BM)	nan	g	34	-	-	34	-	113,300	-	-	Nelson, A…
Body Mass (BM)	nan	g	-	-	-	-	21,900	-	350,000	-	Freudenth…
Head-Body Length (HBL)	nan	mm	17	-	17	-	-	1,351	-	-	Nelson, A…
Head-Body Length (HBL)	nan	mm	9	-	9	-	-	1,333.33	-	-	Nelson, A…
Head-Body Length (HBL)	nan	mm	8	-	-	8	-	1,471	-	-	Nelson, A…
Head-Body Length (HBL)	nan	mm	23	-	23	-	-	1,370	-	-	Nelson, A…
Head-Body Length (HBL)	nan	mm	60	-	-	60	-	1,700	-	-	Nelson, A…
Head-Body Length (HBL)	nan	mm	11	-	-	11	-	1,480	-	-	Nelson, A…
Head-Body Length (HBL)	nan	mm	8	-	8	-	-	1,310	-	-	Nelson, A…
Head-Body Length (HBL)	nan	mm	34	-	-	34	-	1,469	-	-	Nelson, A…
Head-Body Length (HBL)	nan	mm	2	2	-	-	-	1,389.5	-	-	Engelman,…
Head-Body Length (HBL)	nan	mm	30	-	30	-	-	1,560	-	-	Nelson, A…
Head-Body Length (HBL)	nan	mm	31	-	-	31	-	1,451	-	-	Nelson, A…
Occipital condyle width (OCW)	nan	mm	3	3	-	-	-	57.95	-	-	Engelman,…

Table 4. List of other Measurements ^b. for Sus scrofa.
Measurement	Location	Unit	n Total	n Unknown	n Female	n Male	Min	Mean	Max	SD	Reference(s)
brainmass	nan	g	-	-	-	-	-	170	-	-	Engelman,…
skull_length	nan	mm	-	-	-	-	-	356	-	-	Engelman,…
average ungulate dietary grass fraction (proportional)	nan	unitless	-	-	-	-	-	1	-	-	Abraham, …
femur circumference	nan	mm	-	-	-	-	-	75	-	-	Nelson, A…
femur diameter	nan	mm	-	-	-	-	-	20	-	-	Nelson, A…
humerus circumference	nan	mm	-	-	-	-	-	74	-	-	Nelson, A…
humerus diameter	nan	mm	-	-	-	-	-	20	-	-	Nelson, A…
neck length	nan	mm	-	-	-	-	-	138	-	-	Nelson, A…
BMR,mlO2/h	nan	mlO2/h	4	4	-	-	-	35,525	-	-	Genoud, M…

^b. other Measurements. Source Measurements which are not listed on or mapped with the Standard Traits..

Table 5. List of Data Sources for Sus scrofa.
Taxon	Reference	Match	Status
Sus scrofa	Mysterud,Atle, 2000, The Relationship between Ecological Segregation and Sexual Body Size Dimorphism in Large Herbivores, Oecologia	1: Exact Taxon match	Verified - Accepted
Sus scrofa	Nowak,R. M., 1991, Walker's mammals of the world,	1: Exact Taxon match	Verified - Accepted
Sus scrofa	Turner,J., 2004, Mammals of Australia,	1: Exact Taxon match	Verified - Accepted
Sus scrofa f	Damuth, J. 2010. ABSOLUT 6 a mammalian database compiled by the national center for ecological analysis and synthesis (NCEAS ) workshop on mammalian communities.	51: Name variant or misspelling of the taxon	Verified - Accepted
Sus scrofa	Grzimek,B., 2003, Grzimek's Animal Life Encyclopedia: Mammals I-V,	1: Exact Taxon match	Verified - Accepted
Sus scrofa	Smith,A. T., 2010, A guide to the mammals of China,	1: Exact Taxon match	Verified - Accepted
Sus scrofa	Engelman, R.K., 2022. Occipital condyle width (OCW) is a highly accurate predictor of body mass in therian mammals. BMC biology, 20(1), p.37.	1: Exact Taxon match	Verified - Accepted
Sus scrofa	Abraham, J.O., Upham, N.S., Damian-Serrano, A. and Jesmer, B.R., 2022. Evolutionary causes and consequences of ungulate migration. Nature Ecology & Evolution, 6(7), pp.998-1006.	1: Exact Taxon match	Verified - Accepted
Sus scrofa	Lundgren, E.J., Schowanek, S.D., Rowan, J., Middleton, O., Pedersen, R.Ø., Wallach, A.D., Ramp, D., Davis, M., Sandom, C.J. and Svenning, J.C., 2021. Functional traits of the world’s late Quaternary large-bodied avian and mammalian herbivores. Scientific data, 8(1), p.17.	1: Exact Taxon match	Verified - Accepted
Sus scrofa	Nelson, A., Engelman, R.K. and Croft, D.A., 2023. How to weigh a fossil mammal? South American notoungulates as a case study for estimating body mass in extinct clades. Journal of Mammalian Evolution, 30(3), pp.773-809.	1: Exact Taxon match	Verified - Accepted
Sus scrofa	Genoud, M., Isler, K. and Martin, R.D., 2018. Comparative analyses of basal rate of metabolism in mammals: data selection does matter. Biological Reviews, 93(1), pp.404-438.	1: Exact Taxon match	Verified - Accepted
Sus scrofa	Freudenthal, M. and Martín-Suárez, E., 2013. Estimating body mass of fossil rodents. Scripta Geologica, 145, pp.1-513.	1: Exact Taxon match	Verified - Accepted
Sus scrofa	Beaudrot, L., Acevedo, M.A., Gorczynski, D. and Harris, N.C., 2024. Geographic differences in body size distributions underlie food web connectance of tropical forest mammals. Scientific Reports, 14(1), pp.1-10.	1: Exact Taxon match	Verified - Accepted
Sus scrofa	Rowan, J., Beaudrot, L., Franklin, J., Reed, K.E., Smail, I.E., Zamora, A. and Kamilar, J.M., 2020. Geographically divergent evolutionary and ecological legacies shape mammal biodiversity in the global tropics and subtropics. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 117(3), pp.1559-1565.	1: Exact Taxon match	Verified - Accepted

Citation for this page: [The MammalBase community 2026. / CC BY 4.0. http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7462864 Sus scrofa , Accessed 15th April 2026 at https://mammalbase.net/me/15425]