MammalBase - Accepted taxon: Ursus maritimus

Accepted taxon: Ursus maritimus
Taxon:	Ursus maritimus
Rank:	Species
Higher Classification:	CARNIVORA \| CANIFORMIA \| Ursidae \| Ursus
Reference:	Wilson, Don E., and DeeAnn M. Reeder, eds. Mammal Species of the World. A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed), JHU Press, 2005.

Fig.1 - Ternary plot of the proximate analysis for the Ursus maritimus diet.
CF (Crude Fibre) 2, ASH (Ash contents) 5, NFE (Nitrogen-Free-Extract) 9, CP (Crude Protein) 29, EE (Ether Extract) 13. See details for the calculations in Lintulaakso, K., Tatti, N. and Žliobaitė, I., 2022. Quantifying mammalian diets. Mammalian Biology, pp.1-15. [DOI]

Table 1. List of Diet Items for Ursus maritimus.
TSN Complete name	Part	Ratio ^a.	Reference(s)
Phocidae	WHOLE	23.98	Damuth, J…
Osteichthyes	WHOLE	9.67	Grzimek,B…
Aves	WHOLE	9.37	Damuth, J…
Vertebrata	CARRION	6.86	Damuth, J…
Magnoliopsida	SHOOT	5.83	Damuth, J…
Cetacea	WHOLE	5.60	Reid,F., …
Phoca hispida	WHOLE	5.23	Nowak,R. …
Odobenus rosmarus	WHOLE	4.71	Grzimek,B…
Mammalia	CARRION	4.58	Nowak,R. …
Animalia	CARRION	4.48	Reid,F., …
Mammalia	WHOLE	3.92	Nowak,R. …
Rangifer tarandus	WHOLE	3.27	Nowak,R. …
Vertebrata	EGGS	3.14	Damuth, J…
Magnoliopsida	FRUIT	3.01	Grzimek,B…
Delphinapterus leucas	WHOLE	2.35	Grzimek,B…
Aves	EGGS	2.24	Reid,F., …
Poaceae	STEM	1.76	Grzimek,B…

^a. Standardized values. See details for the calculations in Lintulaakso, K., Tatti, N. and Žliobaitė, I., 2022. Quantifying mammalian diets. Mammalian Biology, pp.1-15. [DOI]

Table 2. List of Standard Traits for Ursus maritimus.
Trait	Selected Value	All Value(s)	Reference(s)
Dietary category: Eisenberg 1981	Carnivore	Carnivore	Juhn, M.,…
Dietary category: Miljutin 2009	Animalivore	Animalivore	Juhn, M.,…
Temporal habits	diurnal	diurnal	John L. G…

Table 3. List of Standard Measurements for Ursus maritimus.
Measurement	Location	Unit	n Total	n Unknown	n Female	n Male	Min	Mean	Max	SD	Reference(s)
Body Mass (BM)	nan	g	4	4	-	-	-	249,476	-	-	Engelman,…
Body Mass (BM)	nan	g	-	-	-	-	150,000	-	907,000	-	Freudenth…
Body Mass (BM)	nan	g	-	-	-	-	-	371,704	-	-	Juhn, M.,…
Head-Body Length (HBL)	nan	mm	3	3	-	-	-	1,983.3	-	-	Engelman,…
Occipital condyle width (OCW)	nan	mm	4	4	-	-	-	78.44	-	-	Engelman,…

Table 4. List of other Measurements ^b. for Ursus maritimus.
Measurement	Location	Unit	n Total	n Unknown	n Female	n Male	Min	Mean	Max	SD	Reference(s)
OPD (l)		n/a	3	3	-	-	-	150	-	-	Evans, Al…
OPD (u)		n/a	3	3	-	-	-	83	-	-	Evans, Al…
brainmass	nan	g	-	-	-	-	-	507	-	-	Engelman,…
skull_length	nan	mm	3	3	-	-	-	355	-	-	Engelman,…
femur circumference	nan	mm	-	-	-	-	-	95	-	-	Nelson, A…
humerus circumference	nan	mm	-	-	-	-	-	108	-	-	Nelson, A…
relative blade length (RBL)	nan	unitless	-	-	-	-	-	1	-	-	Juhn, M.S…

^b. other Measurements. Source Measurements which are not listed on or mapped with the Standard Traits..

Table 5. List of Data Sources for Ursus maritimus.
Taxon	Reference	Match	Status
Thalarctos maritimus	Gittleman,J. L., 1985, Carnivore body size: ecological and taxonomic correlates, Oecologia	50: Synonym	Verified - Accepted
Ursus maritimus	Damuth, J. 2010. ABSOLUT 6 a mammalian database compiled by the national center for ecological analysis and synthesis (NCEAS ) workshop on mammalian communities.	1: Exact Taxon match	Verified - Accepted
Ursus maritimus	Evans, Alistair R., Gregory P. Wilson, Mikael Fortelius, and Jukka Jernvall. Ã¢â‚¬Å“High-Level Similarity of Dentitions in Carnivorans and Rodents.Ã¢â‚¬Â Nature 445, no. 7123 (December 13, 2006): 78Ã¢â‚¬â€œ81. doi:10.1038/nature05433.	1: Exact Taxon match	Verified - Accepted
Thalarctos maritimus	Reid,F., 2006, Peterson field guide to mammals of North America,	50: Synonym	Verified - Accepted
Ursus maritimus	Nowak,R. M., 1991, Walker's mammals of the world,	1: Exact Taxon match	Verified - Accepted
Ursus maritimus	Grzimek,B., 2003, Grzimek's Animal Life Encyclopedia: Mammals I-V,	1: Exact Taxon match	Verified - Accepted
Ursus maritimus	Nowak,R. M., 1991, Walker's mammals of the world,	1: Exact Taxon match	Verified - Accepted
Ursus maritimus	Law, C.J., Blackwell, E.A., Curtis, A.A., Dickinson, E., Hartstone‐Rose, A. and Santana, S.E., 2022. Decoupled evolution of the cranium and mandible in carnivoran mammals. Evolution.	1: Exact Taxon match	Verified - Accepted
Ursus maritimus	Engelman, R.K., 2022. Occipital condyle width (OCW) is a highly accurate predictor of body mass in therian mammals. BMC biology, 20(1), p.37.	1: Exact Taxon match	Verified - Accepted
Ursus maritimus	DeMers, A.C., 2023. Functional Significance of the Mandible, Tooth Roots, and Tooth Crowns, and their Implications for Fossil Dietary Inference (Doctoral dissertation, The Ohio State University).	1: Exact Taxon match	Verified - Accepted
Ursus maritimus	Nelson, A., Engelman, R.K. and Croft, D.A., 2023. How to weigh a fossil mammal? South American notoungulates as a case study for estimating body mass in extinct clades. Journal of Mammalian Evolution, 30(3), pp.773-809.	1: Exact Taxon match	Verified - Accepted
Ursus maritimus	Freudenthal, M. and Martín-Suárez, E., 2013. Estimating body mass of fossil rodents. Scripta Geologica, 145, pp.1-513.	1: Exact Taxon match	Verified - Accepted
Ursus maritimus	Juhn, M.S., Balisi, M.A., Doughty, E.M., Friscia, A.R., Howenstine, A.O., Jacquemetton, C., Marcot, J., Nugen, S. and Van Valkenburgh, B., 2024. Cenozoic climate change and the evolution of North American mammalian predator ecomorphology. Paleobiology, pp.1-10.	1: Exact Taxon match	Verified - Accepted

Citation for this page: [The MammalBase community 2025. / CC BY 4.0. http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7462864 Ursus maritimus , Accessed 23rd January 2025 at https://mammalbase.net/me/14680]