Accepted taxon: Ursus americanus
Accepted taxon: Ursus americanus
| Taxon: |
Ursus americanus |
| Rank: |
Species |
| Higher Classification: |
CARNIVORA | CANIFORMIA | Ursidae | Ursus |
| Reference: |
Wilson, Don E., and DeeAnn M. Reeder, eds. Mammal Species of the World. A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed), JHU Press, 2005. |
Fig.1 - Ternary plot of the proximate analysis for the Ursus americanus diet.
CF (Crude Fibre) 15, ASH (Ash contents) 8, NFE (Nitrogen-Free-Extract) 48, CP (Crude Protein) 22, EE (Ether Extract) 8.
See details for the calculations in Lintulaakso, K., Tatti, N. and Žliobaitė, I., 2022. Quantifying mammalian diets.
Mammalian Biology, pp.1-15.
[DOI]
Table 1. List of Diet Items for Ursus americanus.
| TSN Complete name |
Part |
Ratio a. |
Reference(s) |
| Magnoliopsida |
SHOOT |
16.67 |
Nowak,R. … |
| Magnoliopsida |
STEM |
16.67 |
Nowak,R. … |
| Magnoliopsida |
FRUIT |
15.96 |
Damuth, J… |
| Magnoliopsida |
SEED |
11.55 |
Damuth, J… |
| Magnoliopsida |
ROOT |
9.21 |
Damuth, J… |
| Insecta |
WHOLE |
6.93 |
Damuth, J… |
| Poaceae |
STEM |
3.90 |
Grzimek,B… |
| Mammalia |
WHOLE |
3.75 |
Damuth, J… |
| Magnoliopsida |
EXUDATES |
2.45 |
Grzimek,B… |
| Fagaceae |
SEED |
2.02 |
Nowak,R. … |
| Vertebrata |
EGGS |
1.90 |
Damuth, J… |
| Insecta |
LARVAE |
1.85 |
Reid,F., … |
| Rodentia |
WHOLE |
1.61 |
Grzimek,B… |
| Salmonidae |
WHOLE |
1.50 |
Grzimek,B… |
| Formicidae |
WHOLE |
1.28 |
Grzimek,B… |
| Vertebrata |
CARRION |
1.09 |
Grzimek,B… |
| Osteichthyes |
WHOLE |
1.01 |
Nowak,R. … |
| Artiodactyla |
WHOLE |
0.64 |
Grzimek,B… |
a. Standardized values.
See details for the calculations in Lintulaakso, K., Tatti, N. and Žliobaitė, I., 2022. Quantifying mammalian diets.
Mammalian Biology, pp.1-15.
[DOI]
Table 3. List of Standard Measurements for Ursus americanus.
| Measurement |
Location |
Unit |
n Total |
n Unknown |
n Female |
n Male |
Min |
Mean |
Max |
SD |
Reference(s) |
| Body Mass (BM) |
nan |
g |
14 |
14 |
- |
- |
- |
109,751.94 |
- |
- |
Engelman,… |
| Body Mass (BM) |
nan |
g |
- |
- |
- |
- |
39,000 |
- |
409,000 |
- |
Freudenth… |
| Body Mass (BM) |
nan |
g |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
110,500 |
- |
- |
Juhn, M.,… |
| Head-Body Length (HBL) |
nan |
mm |
10 |
10 |
- |
- |
- |
1,676.1 |
- |
- |
Engelman,… |
| Occipital condyle width (OCW) |
nan |
mm |
14 |
14 |
- |
- |
- |
54.79 |
- |
- |
Engelman,… |
b. other Measurements.
Source Measurements which are not listed on or mapped with the Standard Traits..
Table 5. List of Data Sources for Ursus americanus.
| Taxon |
Reference |
Match |
Status |
| Ursus americanus |
Gittleman,J. L., 1985, Carnivore body size: ecological and taxonomic correlates, Oecologia |
1: Exact Taxon match |
Verified - Accepted |
| Ursus americanus |
Damuth, J. 2010. ABSOLUT 6 a mammalian database compiled by the national center for ecological analysis and synthesis (NCEAS ) workshop on mammalian communities. |
1: Exact Taxon match |
Verified - Accepted |
| Ursus americanus |
Evans, Alistair R., Gregory P. Wilson, Mikael Fortelius, and Jukka Jernvall. “High-Level Similarity of Dentitions in Carnivorans and Rodents.†Nature 445, no. 7123 (December 13, 2006): 78–81. doi:10.1038/nature05433. |
1: Exact Taxon match |
Verified - Accepted |
| Ursus americanus |
Reid,F., 2006, Peterson field guide to mammals of North America, |
1: Exact Taxon match |
Verified - Accepted |
| Ursus americanus |
Nowak,R. M., 1991, Walker's mammals of the world, |
1: Exact Taxon match |
Verified - Accepted |
| Ursus americanus |
Grzimek,B., 2003, Grzimek's Animal Life Encyclopedia: Mammals I-V, |
1: Exact Taxon match |
Verified - Accepted |
| Ursus americanus |
Nowak,R. M., 1991, Walker's mammals of the world, |
1: Exact Taxon match |
Verified - Accepted |
| Ursus americanus |
Law, C.J., Blackwell, E.A., Curtis, A.A., Dickinson, E., Hartstone‐Rose, A. and Santana, S.E., 2022. Decoupled evolution of the cranium and mandible in carnivoran mammals. Evolution. |
1: Exact Taxon match |
Verified - Accepted |
| Ursus americanus |
Engelman, R.K., 2022. Occipital condyle width (OCW) is a highly accurate predictor of body mass in therian mammals. BMC biology, 20(1), p.37. |
1: Exact Taxon match |
Verified - Accepted |
| Ursus americanus |
DeMers, A.C., 2023. Functional Significance of the Mandible, Tooth Roots, and Tooth Crowns, and their Implications for Fossil Dietary Inference (Doctoral dissertation, The Ohio State University). |
1: Exact Taxon match |
Verified - Accepted |
| Ursus americanus |
Lundgren, E.J., Schowanek, S.D., Rowan, J., Middleton, O., Pedersen, R.Ø., Wallach, A.D., Ramp, D., Davis, M., Sandom, C.J. and Svenning, J.C., 2021. Functional traits of the world’s late Quaternary large-bodied avian and mammalian herbivores. Scientific data, 8(1), p.17. |
1: Exact Taxon match |
Verified - Accepted |
| Ursus americanus |
McNab, B.K., 2008. An analysis of the factors that influence the level and scaling of mammalian BMR. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A: Molecular & Integrative Physiology, 151(1), pp.5-28. |
1: Exact Taxon match |
Verified - Accepted |
| Ursus americanus |
Nelson, A., Engelman, R.K. and Croft, D.A., 2023. How to weigh a fossil mammal? South American notoungulates as a case study for estimating body mass in extinct clades. Journal of Mammalian Evolution, 30(3), pp.773-809. |
1: Exact Taxon match |
Verified - Accepted |
| Ursus americanus |
Freudenthal, M. and Martín-Suárez, E., 2013. Estimating body mass of fossil rodents. Scripta Geologica, 145, pp.1-513. |
1: Exact Taxon match |
Verified - Accepted |
| Ursus americanus |
Juhn, M.S., Balisi, M.A., Doughty, E.M., Friscia, A.R., Howenstine, A.O., Jacquemetton, C., Marcot, J., Nugen, S. and Van Valkenburgh, B., 2024. Cenozoic climate change and the evolution of North American mammalian predator ecomorphology. Paleobiology, pp.1-10. |
1: Exact Taxon match |
Verified - Accepted |
Citation for this page:
[The MammalBase community 2024. / CC BY 4.0. http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7462864
Ursus americanus
, Accessed 22nd December 2024 at https://mammalbase.net/me/14646]